![]() ![]() In addition, preliminary reports on plasma’s in-vivo antitumour effect are reported. For the most part, these in vitro studies are limited to skin cells and simple cellular responses to the cold plasma treatment. Only limited research into the utility of cold plasma for cancer therapy has been performed. Even less clear is the nature of the interaction between cold plasmas and cancer tissue. The role of other species, such as O 3 and OH, are not yet clear. Furthermore, the effects of various ion species may be highly selective different species can have either ‘plasma-killing’ (such as O) or ‘plasma-healing’ (such as NO) effects. Alternatively, others have suggested that neutral species have the primary role in some plasma–cell interaction pathways. Some authors are of the opinion that ion species have the most important role in plasma–cell interactions by triggering intracellular biochemistry. Nevertheless, there is still some controversy with respect to the mechanism of plasma-cell interaction. Consequently, the generation of a moderate flux of peroxynitrite over long periods of time would result in substantial oxidation and potential destruction of host cellular components leading to a deregulation of critical cellular processes, disruption of cell signaling pathways, and induction of the cell death through both apoptosis and necrosis. radicals and NO+ ions by the discharge of plasma are at the gas-liquid interface and in the liquid.According to Lukes et al, the formation of NO2 Peroxynitrite is a powerful oxidant and nitrating agent that is known to be a much more damaging to the cells than NO or superoxide, because cells readily remove superoxide and NO to reduce their harmful effects, while fail to neutralize peroxynitrite. According to Pacher and co-workers, NO and superoxide (O 2 –) can easily form peroxynitrite (ONOO –) once they collide or even locate within a few cell diameters of each other. It is well-known that NO is an omnipresent intercellular messenger in all vertebrates, modulating blood flow, thrombosis, neuronal activity, immune response, inflammation, and plays a critical role in tumorigenesis by modulating the apoptotic machinery. -are the main components of the cold plasma jet that provides for therapeutic effects, not only with cancer, but also with biological disinfection, viral destruction and wound healing.Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) has been extensively studied in the treatment of cancer, with the goal of maximizing tumor cell death and minimizing the therapy’s effect to healthy tissue. Recent progress in atmospheric plasmas has led to the creation of cold plasmas with ion temperature close to room temperature. Plasma is an ionized gas that is typically generated in high-temperature laboratory conditions. The funder had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.Ĭompeting interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are creditedĭata Availability: All relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting Information files.įunding: Support was provided by a Katzen Research Grant ( ). Received: SeptemAccepted: JanuPublished: March 24, 2015Ĭopyright: © 2015 Recek et al. PLoS ONE 10(3):Īcademic Editor: Etienne Dague, LAAS-CNRS, FRANCE (2015) Effect of Cold Plasma on Glial Cell Morphology Studied by Atomic Force Microscopy. The brush layer disappears from the cell membrane surface of normal E6/E7 cells and is maintained in the glioblastoma U87 cells after plasma treatment.Ĭitation: Recek N, Cheng X, Keidar M, Cvelbar U, Vesel A, Mozetic M, et al. brush layers, different in normal human astrocytes as compared to glioblastoma cells. Our data, obtained for the first time on these cells using atomic force microscopy, argue for an architectural feature on the cell membrane, i.e. We report the differences between normal human astrocytes and human glioblastoma cells by considering the membrane surface details. To look more closely at the effect of plasma on cell membrane, high resolution imaging was used. Using AFM we imaged morphology of glial cells before and after cold atmospheric plasma treatment. ![]() Following treatment with cold atmospheric plasma, evaluation of the selective effect of plasma on cell viability of tumor cells is poorly understood and requires further evaluation. The morphological characteristics and differences of the cell membrane between normal human astrocytes and glial tumor cells are not well explored. The atomic force microscope (AFM) is broadly used to study the morphology of cells. ![]()
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